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Ventilation The need to provide adequate ventilation to buildings has long been recognised in building control legislation. Formerly, however, it was restricted to dwellings, and to bathrooms and rooms containing sanitary conveniences in buildings other than dwellings. The building regulation now extend the requirement for adequate means of ventilation to all building types. - The use of passive stack ventilation or open-flued heating appliances as an alternative to mechanical extract ventilation. - The need to ventilate utility rooms. - Removal of the restrictions on enclosed courtyards. - Removal of the need to ventilate common spaces in flats. Means of ventilation In general, there must be adequate means of ventilation provided for people in buildings. The following are exempted from this rule because providing ventilation in them would not serve to protect the health of the user: - Buildings or spaces within buildings where people do not normally go. - Buildings or spaces within buildings used solely for storage. - Garages used solely in connection with a single dwelling. Without adequate ventilation, moisture ( leading to mould growth ) and pollutants ( originating inside a building ) may accumulate to such levels that they become a hazard to the health of users of the building. For these reasons the following methods of ventilation may be adopted for use in buildings: - Extract ventilation ( either natural or mechanical ) - Rapid dilution Normally , this would be achieved by providing a door or a window which could be thrown open as required. In sanitary accommodation which is not within a bathroom a similar level of rapid dilution may be obtained by mechanical extraction. - Background ventilation The guiding principle here is that a minimum supply of fresh air should be available over a long period of time to disperse residual water vapour as necessary. It is important that the means of ventilation should not compromise security or comfort and should resist rain penetration. In non-domestic buildings, it is often the case that ventilation is provided by mechanical means or by air-conditioning systems. These are permissible provided that they achieve the performance listed. Ventilation Opening - Includes any permanent or closeable means of ventilation which opens directly to extrenal air as follows: - opening lights in windows - louvers - airbricks - progressively openable ventilators, window trickle ventilators - doors The most common way of providing ventilation is via a trickle ventilator located in or above a window frame and it is also possible to obtain glazing systems containing this facility. Airbricks, ducted through a wall and finished and finished internally with a - hit and miss - ventilator are also permissible provided that the main air passages are large enough to minimise resistance to airflow. - Habitable Room - a room used for dwelling purposes which is not solely a kitchen. - Bathroom - a room containing a bath or a shower with or without sanitary accommodation. - Sanitary Accommodation - a room which contains one or more closets or urinals. If sanitary accommodation contains one or more cubicles it is necessary to provide separate ventilation to each if air is free to circulate throughout the space. - Utility Room - a room which water vapour is likely to be produced in significant quantities because it is designed or intended to be used to contain clothes washing or similar equipment such as a sink, washing machine or tumble drier. - Occupiable Rooms - Includes rooms occupied by people in non-domestic buildings such as offices, workrooms, hotel bedrooms, etc. Extract Ventilation - 15 litres/second for a bathroom - 30 litres/second for a utility room - 30 litres/second for a kitchen where a fan is located within a cooker hood or is not less than 300 mm from the centreline of the hob space, is under humidistat control and is located near the ceiling - 60 litres/second if the fan is located elsewhere in the kitchen.
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